Congo - Forest - The advantages of the forest economy

The forestry sector in Congo remains today the second largest economic sector in the country, which is a major producer of tropical hardwoods, notably logs, square-edged timber and panels.

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The Ministry of Forest Economy prioritizes poverty reduction and making the forest and timber industry a growth sector. Indeed, the Congolese forestry sector is essential not only in the fight against global warming but also economically, contributing 61.3% of Congo's gross domestic product and 361.3% of its tax revenue.

The Republic of Congo has an estimated forest cover of 22.4 million hectares, representing 65% of the total land area, of which 14.67 million hectares are allocated in the form of forest concessions (DGF, 2020). There is a potential for approximately 300 tree species, but only about fifty are subject to commercial exploitation and processing. 71,000 hectares are made up of plantation forests, with strong momentum in recent years and the advent of industrial plantation projects.

Following the launch of the project to operationalize the National System for Measurement, Reporting and Verification (Syna-MRV), the Project to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Forests in the Republic of Congo (Préforest) and the Project to Strengthen Sustainable Wood Energy Potential in the Republic of Congo (Prorep), a memorandum of understanding on forest management was signed on April 20, 2023, between the Minister of Forest Economy and the representative of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The document entrusts state structures with the coordination of three projects for monitoring carbon emissions, sustainable wood energy and forest plantations. These three projects benefit from funding from the Green Climate Fund of approximately 27.9 billion FCFA and the Central African Forest Initiative (Cafi) of 5.3 billion FCFA. The UN agency FAO acts as the technical implementing partner for these projects.

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Funded to the tune of 27.9 billion FCFA by the Green Climate Fund, Proforest is intended to create 14,500 hectares of agroforestry plantations, as well as 500 hectares of assisted natural regeneration in the departments of Plateaux, Pool, Bouenza, Niari, and Kouilou. The Prorep project, meanwhile, involves the construction of 2,700 hectares of plantations dedicated to wood energy to supply the capital, Brazzaville. It received 4.1 billion FCFA in funding from Cafi. Cafi is also the financier of the Syna-MNV project, with a total cost of 1.2 billion FCFA, for a period of two years across the entire national territory. It will ultimately make it possible to assess national performance in reducing emissions linked to deforestation and forest degradation, with a particular focus on the fight against poverty.

A COMMUNITY AGROFORESTRY PROJECT
Promoting community agroforestry is a real challenge in the context of climate change. This community agroforestry project is funded to the tune of $8 million, thanks to additional funding from the Forest Investment Program and the Strategic Climate Fund. Launched in January 2023, it aims to plant 15,000 hectares of trees as part of the Integrated Development Project for Agricultural Value Chains in Congo (PRODIVAC). The African Development Bank (AfDB) is responsible for managing the allocated funding. Of the 15,000 hectares to be developed over the coming months, 500 hectares are for the cocoa and cashew nut sectors, 4,500 hectares of forests for fuelwood, and 10,000 hectares of individual land for the development of food crops such as corn, bananas, and cassava. Planning will be carried out in accordance with the National Afforestation and Reforestation Program (Pronar), which is responsible for implementing the agroforestry project. This project aims to facilitate access to secure land for local producers and to strengthen the technical and organizational capacities of community groups. It concerns the districts of Djambala (Plateaux), Louingui (Pool), and Nkayi and Loudima (Bouenza).